What is described by the term 'cardiovascular endurance'?

Cardiovascular endurance refers specifically to the capacity of the heart and lungs to effectively supply oxygenated blood to the working muscles during prolonged periods of physical activity. It plays a critical role in overall health and fitness, as a strong cardiovascular system allows an individual to sustain aerobic activities, such as running, swimming, cycling, or any endurance exercise, with efficiency and stamina.

This term encompasses the effectiveness of both the respiratory system in delivering oxygen and the circulatory system in transporting that oxygen through the blood. Improved cardiovascular endurance results from regular aerobic exercise, which enhances heart strength, lung capacity, and the efficiency of the body's oxygen utilization.

The other choices focus on different aspects of physical fitness: lifting heavy weights relates to muscular strength rather than endurance, while the amount of time one can exercise is a factor influenced by endurance, but does not define it. The capacity to sprint long distances is more aligned with anaerobic power and speed rather than endurance in a cardiovascular context. Therefore, option C accurately captures the essence of cardiovascular endurance.